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What role do wave soldering and reflow soldering play in PCB assembly?

Wave soldering and reflow soldering are PCB welding methods in the assembly process, so what role do wave soldering and reflow soldering play in PCB assembly? What is the difference between them respectively?
What role do wave soldering and reflow soldering play in PCB assembly?
26 December 2023
Views: 827
Wave soldering and reflow soldering are PCB welding methods in the assembly process, so what role do wave soldering and reflow soldering play in PCB assembly? What is the difference between them respectively?

wave soldering and reflow soldering

Reflow Soldering


Reflow Soldering

Reflow process: applying solder paste > mounting components > reflow soldering > cleaning


By heating and melting the solder paste pre-coated on the pads, will be before the process of pasting in the pads of electronic components on the pins and pcb pad interconnections, to achieve the purpose of components welded to the pcb board. In the process of reflow soldering, quality-oriented suppliers will add nitrogen, which can effectively prevent oxidation, reduce contamination, maintain temperature, and protect the soldered surface, but at the same time will increase the cost.

Reflow soldering method is the most applicable soldering method for SMT assembly and is the most popular soldering method in the printed circuit board industry. If it is necessary to solder through-hole components, then wave soldering is required.

The advantages of reflow soldering are: 1. Highly suitable for SMT assembly; 2. Highly recognized; 3. Does not require a lot of manpower to monitor; 4. Low thermal shock

Wave soldering


Wave soldering

Wave soldering process: Insertion>Spraying flux>Preheating PCB board>Wave soldering>Cutting corners>Checking.

Will melt the soft brazing solder (lead-tin alloy), by electric pump or electromagnetic pump jet into the design requirements of the solder wave, can also be formed by injecting nitrogen into the solder pool, so that the pre-equipped components of the PCB through the solder wave to achieve the soft brazing of the components soldering end or between the pin and the pad of the printed circuit board mechanical and electrical connection.

Advantages of wave soldering: 1. suitable for THT assembly; 2. more time-saving; 3. reduce warpage; 4. low cost; 5. can provide high-quality solder joints; 6. suitable for through-hole soldering

What is the difference between reflow soldering and wave soldering?


1. Different working principles

Reflow Soldering: In reflow soldering, components are mounted on a PCB and then adhered using solder paste, which is then placed in a reflow oven, where the solder paste is heated to the melting point by controlling the temperature profile and allowed to re-solidify and complete the soldering.

Wave Soldering: PCBs that have been fitted with electronic components are moved by a conveyor belt to a wave soldering machine. The wave of solder impacts the soldering area through specific nozzles to realize the soldering.

2. Different usage scenarios

Reflow soldering: Reflow soldering is usually used for SMT assembly.
Wave soldering: Wave soldering is mainly used for plug-in assembly.

3. Soldering needs are different

Reflow soldering: Provide higher welding quality, because it can control the temperature profile, so you can avoid too hot and lead to component damage.
Wave soldering: generates high heat during the soldering process, which may cause damage to temperature-sensitive components.

4. Soldering complexity is different

Reflow soldering: more complex equipment and control systems to control the correct temperature profile and parameters.
Wave soldering: Wave soldering is relatively simple, only need to adjust the welding parameters and speed of the wave soldering machine.

Whether it is reflow soldering or wave soldering, each has its own advantages, to deal with different products and applications, will use different process technology to achieve the best results, reflow soldering and wave soldering is an important step in the PCB assembly process can not be missing.
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