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What is Copper Clad Laminate (CCL)? | POE
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What is Copper Clad Laminate (CCL)?

Copper Clad Laminate (CCL) is a material used in the manufacture of PCBs. It consists of fiberglass with a layer of copper foil coated on both sides of the substrate. CCL is the foundation of PCBs and enables electronic devices to work.
What is Copper Clad Laminate (CCL)?
02 January 2025
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Copper Clad Laminate (CCL) is a material used in the manufacture of PCBs. It consists of fiberglass with a layer of copper foil coated on both sides of the substrate. CCL is the foundation of PCBs and enables electronic devices to work.

Components of CCL
Standard copper clad laminates consist of two main components:

Substrate:
Common substrates include:
FR4
FR4 consists of woven fiberglass and epoxy resin. It has excellent mechanical strength, heat resistance and affordability and is the most widely used material.

CEM (Compound Epoxy Material)
A mixture of fiberglass and resin, it is cheaper than FR4 but has lower performance.

Flexible Materials
Polyimide is used as the substrate of flexible PCBs, allowing the PCB to bend without damage.

Copper Foil
Copper foil is a conductive layer that can transmit electrical signals. It is bonded to the substrate and common thicknesses are 18, 35 or 70 microns.

CCL Types
Copper Clad Laminates come in different varieties, depending on material properties and applications:

Rigid CCLs
Used for traditional rigid PCBs, suitable for applications that require strong structural support, such as consumer electronics and industrial equipment.

Flexible CCLs
Flexible CCLs are designed for flexible PCBs and are used in devices such as wearable electronics and smartphones.

High Frequency CCLs
High Frequency CCLs are designed for applications that require high-speed signal transmission, such as 5G devices and radar systems.

Metal-Based CCLs
Metal-Based Laminates are often used in high-power applications and include a metal layer (such as aluminum) in addition to copper. Excellent heat dissipation is common in LED lighting.

Conclusion
Copper Clad Laminates (CCLs) are the backbone of electronics and are the foundational material for PCBs. By combining a non-conductive substrate with a conductive copper layer, CCLs enable the creation of complex circuits used in countless applications.
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